NOTES:
[17].
See alSayyid `Ali alMilani, "AlSayyid Hamid
Husayn (r) wa Kitabuhu al`Abaqat," Turathuna,
No. 4 (Rabi` 1406 H.) pp. 144156.
[18].
Tahdhib alTahdhib, iv, 82; alKashif,
i, 272.
[19].
AlKashif, i, 313; Tahdhib alTahdhib, ii,
286; Taqrib alTahdhib, i, 252.
[20].
Tahdhib alTahdhib, M.S.; alKashif, ii,
256; al`lbar, i, 205; Mir`at al-jinan, i,
301; Taqrib alTahdhib, ii, 248; alShaykh `Abd
alHaqq al-Dehlawi, Asma' rijal alMishkat.
[21].
Ibn Hibban, al-Thiqat, MS.; alMaqdisi, alKamal
fi asma' alrijal, MS.; alDhahabi, Tadhkirat
alhuffaz, i, 155; al`Asqalani, Tahdhib alTahdhib,
vi, 396.
[22].
al'lbar, i, 209; Mir`at aljinan, i,
305; Tahdhib alTahdhib, iv, 222.
[23].
Ibn Hibban, al-Thiqat; alMizzi, Tahdhib alKamal,
MS., Tabaqat alShafi`iyyah, i, 85; alDhahabi,
alKashif, iii, 19; see also Mir`at aljinan,
i, 313.
[24].
AlMizzi, Asma' rijal alSahihayn, i, 42; AlDhahabi,
alKashif, i, 116; Tahdhib alTahdhib,
i, 261.
[25].
Taqrib alTahdhib, i, 64.
[26].
AlDhahabi, Tadhkirat alhuffaz, i, 197.
[27].
AlMizzi, Tahdhib alKamal, MS.
[28].
AlDhahabi, Tahdhib alTahdhib, MS.
[29].
Tadhkirat alhuffaz, i, 236, also alKashif,
iii, 235.
[30].
Taqrib alTahdhib, ii, 231.
[31].
Tabaqat alhuffaz, 100.
[32].
`Abd alGhani alMaqdisi, alKamal fi asma'
alrijal, MS.
[33].
Al`Asqalani, Tahdhib alTahdhib, iii, 245.
[34].
AlKashif, i, 215, and al'lbar, i, 293.
[35].
AlMizzi, Tahdhib alKamal, MS.
[36].
Ibn Hajar, Tahdhib alTahdhib, ii, 75, and Taqrib
alTahdhib, i, 127.
[37].
AlMizzi, Tahdhib alKamal, MS.
[38].
AlDhahabi, Tadhkirat alhuffaz, i, 323, alKashif,
i, 118, al'lbar, i, 310.
[39].
Al`Asqalani, Tahdhib alTahdhib, i, 275.
[40].
Tabaqat alhuffaz, 133.
[41].
AlDhahabi, Tahdhib alTahdhib, MS.; Tadhkirat
alhuffaz, i, 315.
[42].
Al`Asqalani, Tahdhib alTahdhib, vi, 56.
[43].
Ibid., ii, 178.
[44].
Ibid., viii, 63.
[45].
AlKashif, iii, 82.
[46].
Tahdhib alTahdhib, ii, 445.
[47].
Ibid., iii, 329.
[48].
AlTabaqat, vi, 355.
[49].
Tahdhib alTahdhib, viii, 300.
[50].
Ibid, vi, 413.
[51].
Ibid., x, 230.
[52].
Ibid., iii, 196.
[53].
Ibid., ii, 128.
[54].
Ibid, viii, 411.
[55].
Ibid, vii, 382.
[56].
Ibn Sa`d, alTabaqat, vi, 388.
[57].
AlDhahabi, Tadhkirat alhuffaz, 290.
[58].
AlKhatib alBaghdadi, Ta'rikh Baghdad, xi, 356.
[59].
Tahdhib alTahdhib, vii, 288.
[60].
Ibid., xi, 6.
[61].
AlDhahabi, alKashif, ii, 214 and Mizan al'i`tidal,
iv, 284.
[62].
Ibid., vi, 331; Ibn Hajar, Ta`jil almanfa`ah,
301.
[63].
Tahdhib alTahdhib, vii, 155.
[64].
Ibid, iii, 406.
[65].
AlDhahabi, Tadhhib alTahdhib, MS.
[66].
AlMizzi, Tahdhib alKamal, Ms.; Tahdhib alTahdhib,
vi, 409; Taqrib alTahdhib, i, 521.
[67].
Tahdhib alTahdhib, ii, 101; alTabaqat,
vi, 396.
[68].
Tahdhib alTahdhib, xi, 366.
[69].
Ibid., i, 304; Taqrib alTahdhib, i, 76; Tabaqat
alhuffaz, 155.
[70].
Tahdhib alTahdhib, i, 402.
[71].
AlTabaqat, vi, 400; alKashif, ii, 234;
Tahdhib alTahdhib, vii, 50.
[72].
AlTabaqat, vii, 355; Ta'rikh Baghdad, xiv,
64.
[73].
AlMizzi, Tahdhib alKamal
[74].
Tahdhib alTahdhib; alKashif, iii, 253; Taqrib
alTahdhib, ii, 346.
[75].
Tahdhib alTahdhib, x, 3.
[76].
Ibid., ix, 188.
[77].
Ibid., ix, 417.
[78].
AlTabaqat, vii, 340; Tahdhib alTahdhib,
iv, 43.;
[79].
Lisan almizan, iii, 264.
[80].
Baghyat alwi`a', 2930.
[81].
Tahdhib alTahdhib, iv, 89; Tadhkirat alhuffaz,
416.
[82].
Tahdhib alTahdhib, iii, 195.
[83].
Ta'rikh Baghdad, xii, 255; Tahdhib alTahdhib,
vii, 407.
[84].
Wafayat al'a`yan, iii, 473; al'lbar,
i, 407; Tabaqat alhuffaz, 183.
[85].
Tahdhib alTahdhib, iii, 152.
[86].
Ibid., ii, 297.
[87].
Ibid., 342; alSam`ani, al-'Ansab, under 'alNasa'i'
[88].
Tahdhib alTahdhib, iv, 312; alKashif, ii,
5.
[89].
AlDhahabi, Siyar a`lam alnubala', MS.
[90].
Tahdhib alTahdhib, vi, 197.
[91].
Ta'rikh Baghdad, vii, 8084.
[92].
Tahdhib alKamal, MS; Taqrib alTahdhib,
ii, 147.
[93].
Tabaqat alShafi`iyyah, ii, 83; Tahdhib alTahdhib,
i, 216; Huda alsari.
[94].
Tahdhib alKamal, MS; Tahdhib alTahdhib,
MS.; Taqrib alTahdhib, ii, 337.
[95].
Tahdhib alTahdhib, ii, 87; alKashif,
i, 184; alKhazraji, alKhulasah, i, 166.
[96].
Tahdhib alTahdhib, i, 335.
[97].
Ibid., iv, 123.
[98].
Ibid., vi, 455; Tadhkirat alhuffaz, ii, 534;
Mir`at aljinan, ii, 155; Taqrib alTahdhib,
i, 529.
[99].
Al-Sam`ani, al'Ansab; alDhahabi, Tahdhib
alTahdhib, MS; Tadhkirat alhuffaz, ii,
519; al'lbar, i, 457.
[100].
Al'Ansab, under alGhanzi, Tahdhib alKamal,
MS; Tahdhib alTahdhib; Tadhkirat alhuffaz,
ii, 152; alKashif, iii, 93; Taqrib alTahdhib,
ii, 204.
[101].
Ta'rikh Baghdad, iii, 374.
[102].
Tahdhib alTahdhib, xi, 425.
[103].
Ibid., i, 83.
[104].
Al'Ansab; Tadhkirat alhuffaz, ii, 535; alKashif,
i, 103; Taqrib alTahdhib, i, 429.
[105].
Tahdhib alKamal, MS; alKashif, ii, 296.
[106].
Akhbar Isfahan, i, 81; Ta'rikh Baghdad, v, 223.
[107].
Tahdhib alTahdhib, i, 163.
[108].
Ibid., ii, 344.
[109].
Ibid., ix, 319.
[110].
Al'Ansab, under 'alRiqashi'; `Abd alGhani
alMaqdisi, alKamal, MS.
[111].
Al'Ansab, under alRiyahi.
[112].
Tahdhib alTahdhib, xi, 385; Tadhkirat alhuffaz,
i, 582; al'lbar, ii, 58.
[113].
Ta'rikh Baghdad, vi, 25.
[114].
Tadhkirat alhuffaz, ii, 677; Tabaqat alhuffaz,
294; Fawat alWafayat, ii, 228.
[115].
Tadhkirat alhuffaz, ii, 665; Tahdhib alTahdhib,
v, 141; Tabaqat alhuffaz, 288.
[116].
Ta'rikh Baghdad, iii, 153.
[117].
Tabaqat alhuffaz; 290.
[118].
Ta'rikh Baghdad, iv, 349.
[119].
Ibid, ix, 322 328.
[120].
Al'lbar, ii, 106.
[121].
Al-`Ibar, i, 355
[122].
Tadhkirat al-huffaz, 709.
[123].
Ibid, ii, 707; at al-`Ibar, ii, 124; Wafayat al-'a`yan,
vii, 241; Mir'at aljinan, ii, 243; Tabaqat al-huffaz, 306.
[124].
Ta'rikh Baghdad, xii, 152.
[125].
Tadhkirat al-huffaz, ii, 732.
[126].
Wafayat al-'a`yan, v, 436.
[127].
Ta'rikh Baghdad, ix, 464.
[128].
Tadhkirat al-huffaz, 808.
[129].
Ibid., 833.
[130].
Al-'Ansab, under 'aI'Anbari'; Wafayat al-'a`yan.
[131].
Tadhkirat al-huffaz, iii, 824.
[132].
Al-`Ibar, iii, 259.
[133].
Akhbar Isfahan, ii, 80.
[134].
Al-`Ibar, ii, 293.
[135].
Al-'Ansab, under 'alQati`i'.
[136].
Akhbar Isfahan, ii, 90; al-Lubab, i, 404; Tadhkirat
alhuffaz, 945; Shadharat al-dhahab, iii, 69;
al-`Ibar, ii, 351.
[137].
Wafayat al-'a`yan; iii, 458.
[138].
Ta'rikh Baghdad, i, 282.
[139].
Tadhkirat alhuffaz, iii, 980; alWafi bi alWafayat,
v, 34; Tabaqat al-huffaz, 389.
[140].
Al-`Ibar, iii, 28; al'Asadi, Tabaqat alShafi`iyyah,
MS; alQannawji, alTaj al-mukallal, 82.
[141].
Ta'rikh Baghdad, xii, 40.
[142].
Al-'Ansab, under 'alMakhallas'.
[143]. Tadhkirat al-huffaz, iii, 93; Wafayat al-'a`yan, iii, 408; alMukhtasar, ii, 144; Mir'at al-jinan, iii, 14; al-`Ibar, iii, 91; alSubhi, Tabaqat alShafi`iyyah, iv, 155.
[144].
Tabaqat alShafi`iyyah, v, 222.
[145].
Al`Ibar, iv, 118.
[146].
Tabaqat alShafi`iyyah, i, 429; iv, 58; Wafayat
al-'a`yan, i, 61; al-`Ibar, iii, 161; Mir'at al-jinan,
iii, 46; alDawudi, Tabaqat almufassirin, i,
65.
[147].
Tadhkirat alhuffaz, iii, 1091; alWafi bi alWafayat,
vii, 81; alTaj almukallal, 31.
[148].
Yatimat aldahr, iv, 397.
[149].
Al'Ansab under 'alGanjrudi'.
[150].
Tadhkirat alhuffaz, iii, 1132.
[151].
Al-Dhahabi, Siyar a`lam alnubala', MS.
[152].
Tadhkirat alhuffaz, iii, 1135.
[153].
Ta'rikh Baghdad, iii, 108; alMuntazam, vii,
283.
[154].
Al'Ansab under 'alDawudi'.
[155].
Al'Ansab under 'alGhandajani'.
[156].
Wafayat al'a`yan, ii, 410; Tadhkirat alhuffaz,
iv, 1218; alWaffi bi alWafayat, iv, 317.
[157].
Wafayat al'a`yan, ii, 380.
[158].
Ibn alWardi,Tatimmat alMukhtasar, ii, 31.
[159].
Al'Ansab, under 'alMazraqi'; alDhahabi,
Ma`rifat alqurra' alkibar, i, 391.
[160].
Al-Wafi bi al-Wafayat, iii, 28.
[161].
Tabaqat al-qurra', i, 288.
[162].
Tadhkirat al-huffaz, iv, 1282; Tabaqat al-huffaz,
464.
[163].
Wafayat al'a`yan, iii, 152; Tatimmat al-Mukhtasar,
ii, 72; Tabaqat al-huffaz, 468.
[164].
Ibn Farhun, al-Dibaj almudhahhab, ii, 57.
[165].
Al-Muntazam, x, 162; Tadhkirat al-huffaz, 1289.
[166].
Tabaqat al-qurra', i, 204.
[167].
Tadhkirat al-huffaz, iii, 1334; Tabaqat al-Shafi`iyyah,
vi, 161; aI-Tha`alibi, Maqalid al-'asanid; Wafayat al'a`yan,
iii, 414.
[168].
`Abd al-Qadir al-Qarashi, al-Jawahir al-mudi'ah, i, 367.
[169].
Tadhkirat al-huffaz, iv, 1383.
[170].
Al-`Ibar, v, 179; Tadhkirat al-huffaz, iv, 1405.
[171].
Ibid., iv, 1428.
[172].
Ibn Shakir, Fawat al-Wafayat, i, 358; al-`Ibar, v,
205; Mir'at aljinan, iv, 121.
[173].
Al-Kanji, Kifayat altalib, 231; al-Badakhshi, Miftah
al-naja, MS.
[174].
Ibn Farhun, al-Dibaj almudhahhab, 68.
[175].
Tadhkirat al-huffaz, iv, 1476; Tabaqat alhuffaz,
511.
[176].
Al-'Asnawi, Tabaqat al-Shafi`iyyah, ii, 332; al-Suyuti,
Husn al-muhaddarah, i, 424.
[177].
Ibn Hajar al-`Asqalani, al-Durar al-kaminah, ii, 79.
[178].
AlShawkani, al-Badr al-tali` Ii mahasin rnin ba`d al-qarn
alsabi`, ii, 352.
[179].
Al-Durar al-kaminah, ii, 68; Bughyat al-wi`at, 228;
al-Badr al-tali`, i, 229.
[180].
Al- 'Asnawi, Tabaqat al-Shafi`iyyah, i, 505.
[181].
Al-Wafi bi al-Wafayat, v, 267-283.
[182].
Al-Durar al-kaminah, ii, 113; Abna' al-ghumar, i,
249.
[183].
AlShawkani, al-Badr al-tali`, ii, 303.
[184].
Al-Sakhawi, al-Daw' al-lami`, v, 200.
[185].
Al-Manhal al-Safi, i, 394 - 399; Abna' al-ghumar,
ix, 170.
[186].
`Abd al-Haqq al-Dehlawi, Nuzhat al-khawatir, ii, 19.
[187].
Al-Daw' al-lami`, ii, 36-40.
[188].
Ibid., vii, 1-32.
[189].
Al-Sayyid Muhammad al-Bukhari, Tadhkirat al-'abrar, MS;
Nuzhat al-khawatir, iv, 223.
[190].
Al-Ghazzi, al-Kawakib al-sa'irah, ii, 52.
[191].
Nuzhat al-khawatir, iv, 274.
[192].
Al-Muhibbi, Khulasat al-'athar, i, 271; Radi al-Din alShami,
Tandid al`uqud alsaniyyah.
[193].
Ibid., v, 337.
[194].
Ibid., v, 201.
[195].
Khulasat al-'athar, i, 331; al-Taj al-mukallal, 289.
[196].
Khulasat al-'athar, iii, 201.
[197].
Ibid., iv, 204.
[198].
Nuzhat al-khawatir, iv, 285.
[199].
Al-Muradi, Silk al-durar, i, 22.
[200].
Nuzhat al-khawatir, vi, 259.
[201].
Ibid, vi, 113.
[202].
Ibid., vi, 351-355.
[203].
Al-Qannawji, Abjad al-`ulum.
[204].
Idem., al-Taj almukallal, 509.
[205].
Nuzhat al-khawatir, vii, 403.
[206].
Haydar `Ali Faydabadi, Izalat al-ghayn; Nuzhat alkhawatir,
vii, 69.
[207].
Ibid.
[208].
Ibid., vii, 136.
[209].
Ibid., vii, 258.
[210].
Ibid., vii, 527.
[211]. AI-Bukhari
in his Sahih (Kitab al-ruqaq, hadith no. 1441) narrates
the following mutawatir tradition of the Prophet (S) from
Anas ibn Malik:
AI-Bukhari reports from Muslim ibn Ibrahim,
from Wuhayb from `Abd al `Aziz, from Anas that the Prophet (S)
said: "A group of my Companions will be brought to me on
the Pond (of alKawthar) and as soon as I recognize
them they shall be dragged away. I would say, ('God! Aren't they)
my Companions?' (God) would say, 'You don't know what they did
after you.'
According to another version of this tradition
(no. 1442) the Prophet (S) would be told:
You have no knowledge of what they did after you. They went back in a retrogressive manner (i.e. apostasized).
Al-Bukhari narrates similar traditions on the
authority of Hudhayfah (no 1435), `Abd Allah (no.1435), Sahl ibn
Sa`d (no. 1442), Abu Sa`id alKhudri (no 1442), Ibn `Abbas
(no.1442), Abu Hurayrah (no 1443), and Asma' bint Abi Bakr (no.
1449) in "Kitab al-ruqaq", as well as elsewhere in "Kitab
al tafsir" and "Kitab bad' al-khalq". The same
tradition with various wordings is also recorded by Muslim, Abu
Dawud, al-Tirmidhi, alNasa'i, Ibn Majah, Imam Ahmad ibn
Hanbal in their books (as well as Imam Malik in alMuwatta',
"Kitab altaharah", hadith no.28) from several
Companions. Imam Malik reports the following tradition in his
alMuwatta', "Kitab aljihad", hadith
no.32:
"The Prophet (S) said concerning the martyrs of Uhud, "I shall bear witness for them (i.e. their faith)." Thereupon Abu Bakr said, "O Messenger of Allah, aren't we their brethren, who embraced Islam like them and did jihad like them?" The Prophet (S) replied, "Yes, but I don't know what you will do after me ..."
See, for instance, Adwa' `ala al-Sunnat
al-Muhammadiyyah, pp.339-363, by Mahmud Abu Riyyah, a Sunni
scholar, and Nahj al-haqq wa kashf al-sidq, pp.262-375,
by al-`Allamah al-Hilli concerning the large number of Qur'anic
verses and Prophetic traditions which decisively negate the very
possibility of considering each and every Companion as a star
of the skies of guidance.
[212]. Ibn Sa`d in his al-Tabaqat (Leiden, 1322), iii, part 1, p.129 reports that in a sermon that Abu Bakr delivered after taking charge of the caliphate, he declared, "I am only a man, and I am not better than any of you. So obey me when I go straight and correct me when you see me deviate. You should know that (at times) I am overwhelmed by a devil, so when you see me in a state of rage keep away from me." Similar statements by him have been reported by:
`Umar, the Second Caliph, is on record as often having made such statements as "Everyone has a better knowledge (of the Shari`ah) than `Umar" (kullu ahadin a`lamu min `Umar) and "All the people have better understanding (of the Shari`ah) than `Umar" (kullu ahadin afqahu min `Umar). See:
[213]. Here the author of the `Abaqat has cited the tradition of `A'ishah which describes a usurious transaction between Zayd ibn Arqam and a woman. The tradition is mentioned by:
[214].
Here the author cites traditions
from the works of al-Bukhari, Muslim, alDarimi, Ibn Abi
Shaybah, al-Nasa'i, Ibn al-'Athir, alGhazzali, al-Muttaqi,
Ibn Khaldun and Abu Hilal al-`Askari concerning the sale of wine
by certain Companions.
[215].
Here the author has cited three
instances of such baseless fatawa by Abu Musa al-'Ash`ari.
[216].
Here the author has cited an episode
of `Umar ibn al-Khattab who gave a fatwa contrary to the
Prophet's command from alSuyuti's Miftah al-jannah.
[217].
Here the author has given several
instances of violation of the Sunnah by Mu`awiyah ibn Abi Sufyan.