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Bismihi ta'ala

The rulings related to jewellery and items that have verses of the Quran, names of Almighty God, and also names of Ma'sumeen (a.s.) is that the script must not be touched unless one has wudhu', and that it is not contaminated with any najasah. 

If you have a ring, or a pendant, or something that has such script on it, and you know you cannot avoid touching it, or it touching your skin and you might not be on wudhu', then one thing you can do is cover it with a layer of colourless see-through nailpolish. 

With the layer over the script, you will not have a problem if you are not in wudhu', and you touch it, or it touches your skin. 

As for when you go to the toilet, you do not necessarily need to remove the jewellery, as long as you keep it away from najasah. If you think it might be contaminated with any najasah, then it is wajib to remove it. 

And Allah knows best. 

Bismihi ta'ala

At first glance, if you are to selectively read certain passages in the holy Quran, or in the Bible or any other scripture, you might see it to be violent, offensive, or maybe even unethical. 

Of course, this is an unfair assessment, especially when there is a strong emphasis on the necessity of understanding the sequence of historical events that, for example, surrounded that verse, or to look at the other verses that speak exactly the opposite of what you just read. 

There are important tools that must be used when reciting the Quran, and one of them is called Tafseer. This is the exegesis and commentary that explains the background story to the verse, or the event, and gives an overall explanation to what the text refers to. 

I would advice you to see what our tafseer books say about this particular verse, and also what mainstream Islamic scholars say as well.

If you have time, please watch my lecture I delivered a few years ago on this topic:

In the case of other Muharrams, such as uncles , there is not much difference with others like father or brother, except for differences based on the culture of that community. But logically there is difference between husband and others.

Bismihi ta'ala

There are four places in the Quran where it is wajib to perform a sajdah after reciting it, or hearing it. They are in the surahs that are called Suwar al-'Aza`im.

They are:

1. Surah Sajdah, verse 15.
2. Surah Ha`-Mim/Fussilat, verse 38. 
3. Surah Najm, verse 62. 
4. Surah al-"Alaq, verse 19. 

And Allah knows best.