Salaam
In any case, children do not have the right to hit or even to raise their voices against their parents. Showing anger towards parents and shouting at them out of anger is forbidden let alone hitting them which will be punished by very severe and heavy punishment.
You have to only ask him to stop beating her and if you can become a block on the way of her getting hit then do it. But you have no right to hit your father back.
As for Kaffarah there's nothing mentioned in this regard. Just try to ask him for forgiveness in a polite manner so that he forgives you and try to make him happy. This way we hope that he changes his attitude towards your mother too.
Breaking the promise or oath done to Allah (SWT) is a major sin which can lead to Hellfire if not been forgiven. Kaffara is must on every broken promise or broken oath which is feeding ten poor believers or clothing them. If unable to feed or clothe them, then fasting three days as Kaffara.
It is important to remember that not fulfilling a promise or oath has dangerous result in this life and hereafter.
Feeding Kaffara must be given as food to poor believer and not cash. If you don't have access to ooor believers where you live, you can send the Kaffara to other places where poor believers can be fed.
Food banks usually give food to public with out the condition of faith, that is why, it is not allowed to give Kaffara to them, but you can give them general charity or donation for feeding general public.
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