SHAFAQNA – Imam Sajjad (AS) had severe stomach ache in Karbala to an extent that he could not carry weapons or fight [1,2,3]. The illness started in Karbala and not from the time Imam Hussain (AS) started his journey towards Iraq. Of course his illness was a divine plan so that one child would remain from Imam Hussain (AS) to undertake the Imamate and the leadership of Muslims.
[1] Basaerul Darajat, Saffar Qomi, Pages 148 and 163.
Further explanation: In some cultures, dating back to ancient or mediaeval times (including parts of Europe/Britain as well as Greece), it was considered inappropriate or immodest for respectable women to ride horses in the normal way, especially if they were wearing long dresses that might not stay in place, so women were expected to ride side-saddle or, as Sayyed mentions, in a litter atop the animal. (I am not saying that no women ever rode horses the normal way, just that this was considered more mannerly.) It seems that women riding horses the normal way may have been seen as suggestive, although, nowadays, in much of the world, there is no stigma attached to it.
If they rode bare horses or regularly saddled horses during that time, it could be taken as a sign of them being treated harshly by the enemy.
Muslim women used to sit on Hawdaj which is like a seat put on the animal and not directly on the animal. Sitting directly on the animal or on saddles is Makrouh for women.
The Prophet (s) used to pray on earth and is also reported to have shown reverence towards the soil of Karbala in his lifetime with the foreknowledge of what would happen upon it.
So although it is not compulsory for the Shia to pray on a turba made from the soil of Karbala, it is considered meritorious to do so.
You can read more details with full references here:
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