Thank you for your question. The impurity that transfers from a dog needs to be purified from your clothes and place of prayer before you pray. The presence of a dog in itself is not a problem from a jurisprudential perspective. Perhaps you can confine it in an area in your house which you can purify afterwards if there are any places that you are sure impurities have transferred.
It is very good to save or help any animal including dog and pig. We have a Hadeeth about a sinner who was entitled to go to hellfire but was saved from hellfire just because he gave water to a thirsty dog. There is also a Hadeeth about a Muslim woman wo will go to hellfire just because of a cat which was locked up by her and left with out food and water. It is always very good to help, feed, give water to any animal.
Touching wet dog or wet pig will make your hand or body Najis, and that will never harm you as it can be purified with water.
We are meant to be the guardians of the earth, showing mercy, especially to innocent animals. We have a duty to care for them. Therefore, even if you became najis after rescuing the animal, this is of lesser importance than showing mercy and humanity towards a sentient being that is suffering. You can easily become tahir again by purifying yourself after touching the animal.
Every rule in Islam is based on our interest and avoiding us any harm. We do not know all the details of the reason but Allah (SWT) and the Prophet (SAWA) know the full reasons. We trust Allah and His Messenger and believe that dog is Najis because it is harmful for us to be in contact with dog.
Many medical scientists confirmed that many dangerous parasites can come to humans from contact with dog.
Journal of Medicine and Life stated : Dogs are a major reservoir for zoonotic infections.Dogs transmit several viral a bacterial diseases to humans.zoonotic diseases can be transmitted to humans by infected saliva aerosols,contaminated urine and feces and direct contact with the dog.
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