Al-Abbas ibn Ali (العباس بن علي‎, romanized: al-‘Abbās ibn ‘Alī), also known as Qamar Banī Hāshim (Arabic: قمر بني هاشم) (the moon of Banu Hashim) (born 4th Sha‘bān 26 AH – 10 Muharram 61 AH; approximately May 15, 647 – October 10, 680), was a son of Imam Ali, the first Imam of Shia Muslims and the fourth Caliph of Sunni Muslims, and Fatima bint Hizam, commonly known as Mother of the Sons (Arabic: أم البنين‎).

Shaykh ʿAbd al-Husayn Amini (Arabic: عبدالحسین امینی), known as 'Allama Amini the author of the well-known book al-Ghadir, was a Shi'a jurist, muhaddith, theologian, historian, codicologist and one of the great Shi'a scholars in the fourteenth/twentieth century. Besides writing numerous important scholarly works, he also established in the city of Najaf the Amir al-Mu'minin Library, which includes 70,000 manuscripts.

Abū Muhammad al-Ḥajjāj ibn Yūsuf ibn al-Ḥakam ibn ʿAqīl al-Thaqafī (أبو محمد الحجاج بن يوسف بن الحكم بن عقيل الثقفي‎; Ta'if 661 – Wasit, 714), known simply as al-Hajjaj ibn Yusuf (Arabic: الحجاج بن يوسف‎, romanized: al-Ḥajjāj ibn Yūsuf), was a governor who served the Umayyad Caliphate. A ruthless, harsh and demanding master, he was widely feared by his contemporaries and became a deeply controversial figure and an object of deep-seated enmity among later, pro-Abbasid writers, who ascribed to him persecutions and mass executions.