Principles by Shah Ni‘matullah Wali
English
The seventeenth century Muslim philosopher Muhammad Sadr al-Din Shirazi, known as Mulla Sadra, introduced the idea of substantial motion in Islamic philosophy. This view is characterized by a continuity criterion for diachronic identity, a four-dimensional view of individual substances, the notion that possibilities change, and the continual creation of all creatures.
A Logical Analysis of Zanuzi’s Argument for Essential Monotheism
By: Shiraz Husain Agha1
There are many questions and problems about the caliphate of ‘Uthman, some of which are mentioned below:
Concerning the caliphate of the Second Caliph, there are many issues and problems, some of which we will mention in this chapter.
Ahl al-Sunna have presented some arguments to prove the caliphate of Abu Bakr. In this chapter, these arguments are analysed.
Ijma‘ (consensus) is one the reasons mentioned for the legitimacy of Abu Bakr’s caliphate. However, it is not mentioned clearly if it refers to the consensus of all Muslims, or that of the inhabitants of Medina, or that of the qualified people (ahl al-hall wa al-‘aqd) and so forth. Besides, there are some serious questions concerning this claim.
Due to its high significance, we dedicate this chapter to the event and hadith of Ghadir Khumm to study all related aspects.
According to many Sunni scholars, the hadith of Ghadir has been quoted through many chains of narration and therefore, it is certainly a mutiwatir hadith. Here is the names of some of them:
During the history of Islam, the Shi‘a have provided a bunch of evidence to prove the Imamate of Ali and his immediate successorship after the Prophet Muhammad (S). Such arguments can be convincing for other denominations, if they are based on their books. Therefore, the Shi‘a have proved this concept by referring to the Noble Wur’an az well as hadiths from Sunni sources.
As mentioned, all Muslim sects believe in their legitimacy and consider themselves as al-firqah al-najiyah, and basically, if they did not consider themselves right, they would no longer be independent sects and would follow another sect. However, what we are trying to express here is the reason why the Imami Shi‘ism asserts its right to be al-firqah al-najiyah. In this section, we will point out some of the most important of these arguments.
Chapter 1: Necessity Of Research About Madhhab (Islamic Denomination And School Of Thought)
According to the verses of the Holy Qur’an and narrations, it is incumbent upon everyone to make efforts, investigate and research about the religion and madhhab they are to follow.
Regarding those who listen to different schools’ claims and arguments and through their efforts, choose the best, Allah (SWT) says:
