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1. Imam Al-Mahdi ( AS) during his major occultation meets , teaches, and helps people , but people do not recognize him during the meeting but very few of the very pious believers who have a high degree in faith and know him.

2. Pious believers never claim nor disclose meeting Imam Al-Mahdi (AS). Pious believers know that Imam Al-Mahdi (AS) must be away from the enemies, so they do not disclose any information about him.

3. Those who claim in public that they met Imam Al-Mahdi (AS) or brought a message from him, can never be trusted.

4. Hundreds of very pious Ulama and believers have met Imam Al-Mahdi (AS) in hundreds of occasions. Many books were compiled in this subject by great scholars like Al-Muhaddith al-Noori in his book Dar Assalam and others.

5. We pray in Du'a al-'Ahd دعاء العهد to be granted seeing the face of our Imam Al-Mahdi (AS): اللهم أرني الطلعة الرشيدة والغُرّة الحميدة واكحل ناظري بنظرة مني إليه.

This means that seeing him during the major occultation is possible for certain very pious persons.

Wassalam.

 The deputies of the 12th Imam ( AS) during this time being in the major occultation are the most learned pious scholars who are recognized as Maraaji' of Taqleed. This is the guidelines which came from the 12th Imam (AS) to all Muslims after the forth special deputy Ali Ibn Muhammad Al-Samari.

Wasa'il al-Shia, 27:131.

The Marja' of Taqleed is a general deputy of the Imam (AS) and not special deputy names by the Imam (AS) like the four deputies who were during the minor occultation. (1. Uthman Ibn Sa'eed 2. Muhammad Ibn Uthman 3. Husain Ibn Rooh 4. Ali Ibn Muhammad Al-Samari).

Wassalam.

Assalamu aleykum,

Thanks for your question.

There are many interesting and well-written books about Imam Mahdi (aj).

I recommend the following ones:

Al-Imam al-Mahdi, The Just Leader of Humanity

https://www.al-islam.org/al-imam-al-mahdi-just-leader-humanity-ayatullah...

An Inquiry Concerning Al-Mahdi

https://www.al-islam.org/an-inquiry-concerning-al-mahdi-sayyid-muhammad-...

The Promised Savior: An inquiry into the imamate of Imam Mahdi (as) from the viewpoint of Muslim thinkers

https://www.al-islam.org/promised-savior-inquiry-imamate-mahdi-viewpoint...

The Occultation of the Twelfth Imam (A Historical Background)
https://www.al-islam.org/occultation-twelfth-imam-historical-background-...

That is just one small portion of texts concerning Imam Mahdi (aj) that can be found at Al-Islam.org, there is a whole section dedicated to him (aj):

https://www.al-islam.org/library/imam-al-mahdi

Hope this is helpful inshaAllah.

Bismillah

Thank you for your question. We have traditions explaining events before the appearance of Imam al-Mahdi (af) and surrounding the way in which he will reappear. These hadith which are prophecies will be one of the best indicators for knowing the Imam (af). Some people will be blessed with knowing him before his reappearance and those are his selected companions who will travel to Mecca and be present when he reveales his identity.

Aside from these there are a number of traits and qualities that an Imam must have and Imam al-Mahdi (af) will display those traits. He will also most likely  display proofs of his own as did the previous divine guides.

May you always be successful.