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Yes he and his group and many companions knew that the Prophet Muhammad (SAWA) had ordered Imam Ali (AS) not to fight against those who will deviate from his orders and grab his right. That is why Umar and his group did what they did against Ahlul Bayt (AS).

Wassalam.

We have narrations in Mustadrak al-Wasaa'il (2:484) from the Prophet (SAWA) that the spirits of the believers come back on Fridays near their homes and every one from them will call him family members who are alive: O my family, O my children, O my father, O my mother, O my relatives; have a sympathy on me, may Allah have sympathy on you....

Wassalam.
 

أرواح المؤمنين ليلة الجمعة
2525 / 24 وقال (صلى الله عليه وآله): " ان أرواح المؤمنين تأتي كل جمعة إلى السماء الدنيا بحذاء دورهم وبيوتهم ينادي كل واحد منهم بصوت حزين باكين: يا أهلي، ويا ولدي، ويا أبي، ويا أمي وأقربائي اعطفوا علينا يرحمكم الله بالذي كان في أيدينا والويل والحساب علينا والمنفعة لغيرنا وينادي كل واحد منهم إلى أقربائه: اعطفوا علينا بدرهم أو برغيف أو بكسوة يكسوكم الله من لباس الجنة "، ثم بكى النبي (صلى الله عليه وآله) وبكينا معه، فلم يستطع النبي (صلى الله عليه وآله) أن يتكلم من كثرة بكائه، ثم قال: " أولئك إخوانكم في الدين، فصاروا ترابا رميما، بعد السرور والنعيم فينادون بالويل والثبور على أنفسهم يقولون: يا ويلنا لو أنفقنا ما كان في أيدينا في طاعة الله ورضائه ما كنا نحتاج إليكم فيرجعون بحسرة وندامة، وينادون: أسرعوا صدقة الأموات ".

مستدرك الوسائل-ج٢ ص ٤٨٤

Bismillah

Thank you for your question. God is Just and all people will receive rewards for their good deeds and accountability for their bad deeds. Certain people are given all of the recompenses for any good that they have done in this world, but only to find punishment for the bad they have done in the next. The blissful life in this world distracts them from reforming their ways and their end is undesirable. Conversely, some pay for all of the bad they have done in this world, only to find good in the next. The lives people lead on the outside, during our short stay in the corporeal realm, are not a benchmark for God's favor. 

May you always be successful

Yes, we are not only allowed but also been encouraged to pray for the forgiveness of every Muslim sinner whether alive or deceased.

Wassalam.