Freedom Of Action In Comparison With Causes
This matter is brighter than the shinning day that if a cause comes, there is always its effect after it. We cannot suppose a complete cause without its effect.
A person cannot say that l want freedom against causes, cause is okay, but I don't want its effect. We can't have a day without the sun and a garden without plants and trees.
And vice versa, we cannot have effects without cause/s. Not only are human beings bound to these causes, but even animals are compelled and bound.
Question: Then where is our Freedom?!
Answer: Our freedom is that most of the time the creation of causes is in the bands of human beings, but after creation of a cause, the effect will come after it without any barring.
This is the most important part in which a person is free and does willingly what he wants to do, that is, he is free to create whatever type of cause. Also, for having a specified effect, a person can create a cause according to the needs of that effect.
It depends on what type of a cause a person creates, the same type of effect he will get. In other words, if a person creates good causes i.e., do good deeds, then he will get the same as an effect, and for that there are rewards from Allah.
And if a person commits bad causes i.e., does evil deeds, then he will get the same as an effect and for that there is a torment or rather a painful torment from Allah the Almighty.
There are verses, which prove that, most of the time the creation of causes arc in the hands of a man.
اعْمَلُوا مَا شِئْتُمْ إِنَّهُ بِمَا تَعْمَلُونَ بَصِيرٌ
Do what you like. Surely He sees what you do. (41:40).
فَمَنْ يَعْمَلْ مِثْقَالَ ذَرَّةٍ خَيْرًا يَرَهُ
So he who has done an atom's weight of good shall see it. (99:7).
وَمَنْ يَعْمَلْ مِثْقَالَ ذَرَّةٍ شَرًّا يَرَهُ
And he who has done an atom's weight of evil shall see it. (99:8).
لَهَا مَا كَسَبَتْ وَلَكُمْ مَا كَسَبْتُمْ وَلَا تُسْأَلُونَ عَمَّا كَانُوا يَعْمَلُونَ
…They shall have what they earned and you shall have what you earn, and you shall not be called upon to answer for what they did. (2:134).
Allah’s promise to those who do good deeds for His pleasure:
وَعَدَ اللَّهُ الَّذِينَ آمَنُوا وَعَمِلُوا الصَّالِحَاتِ ۙ لَهُمْ مَغْفِرَةٌ وَأَجْرٌ عَظِيمٌ
Allah has promised to those who believe and do good deeds (that) they shall have forgiveness and a mighty reward. (5:9).
وَعَدَ اللَّهُ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ وَالْمُؤْمِنَاتِ جَنَّاتٍ تَجْرِي مِنْ تَحْتِهَا الْأَنْهَارُ خَالِدِينَ فِيهَا وَمَسَاكِنَ طَيِّبَةً فِي جَنَّاتِ عَدْنٍ وَرِضْوَانٌ مِنَ اللَّهِ أَكْبَرُ ذَٰلِكَ هُوَ الْفَوْزُ الْعَظِيمُ
Allah has promised to the believing men and the believing women gardens, beneath which rivers flow, to abide in them, and goodly dwellings in gardens of perpetual abode; and best of all is Allah's goodly pleasure; that is the grand achievement. (9:72).
وَعَدَ اللَّهُ الَّذِينَ آمَنُوا مِنْكُمْ وَعَمِلُوا الصَّالِحَاتِ لَيَسْتَخْلِفَنَّهُمْ فِي الْأَرْضِ كَمَا اسْتَخْلَفَ الَّذِينَ مِنْ قَبْلِهِمْ وَلَيُمَكِّنَنَّ لَهُمْ دِينَهُمُ الَّذِي ارْتَضَىٰ لَهُمْ وَلَيُبَدِّلَنَّهُمْ مِنْ بَعْدِ خَوْفِهِمْ أَمْنًا يَعْبُدُونَنِي لَا يُشْرِكُونَ بِي شَيْئًا وَمَنْ كَفَرَ بَعْدَ ذَٰلِكَ فَأُولَٰئِكَ هُمُ الْفَاسِقُونَ
Allah has promised to those of you who believe and do good that He will most certainly make them rulers in the earth as He made rulers those before them, and that He will most certainly establish for them their religion which He has chosen for them, and that He will most certainly, after their fear, give them security in exchange; they shall serve Me, not associating aught with Me; and whoever is ungrateful after this, these it is who are the. transgressors. (24:55).
Allah’s promise to those who do bad and evil deeds and displease Him:
وَعَدَ اللَّهُ الْمُنَافِقِينَ وَالْمُنَافِقَاتِ وَالْكُفَّارَ نَارَ جَهَنَّمَ خَالِدِينَ فِيهَا هِيَ حَسْبُهُمْ وَلَعَنَهُمُ اللَّهُ وَلَهُمْ عَذَابٌ مُقِيمٌ
Allah has promised the hypocritical men and the hypocritical women and the unbelievers the fire of hell to abide therein; it is enough for them; and Allah has cursed them and they shall have lasting punishment. (9:68).
وَالَّذِينَ كَفَرُوا إِلَىٰ جَهَنَّمَ يُحْشَرُونَ
And those who disbelieve shall be driven together to Hell. (8:36).
فَأَصَابَهُمْ سَيِّئَاتُ مَا عَمِلُوا وَحَاقَ بِهِمْ مَا كَانُوا بِهِ يَسْتَهْزِئُونَ
So the evil (consequences) of what they did shall afflict them and that which they mocked shall encompass them. (16:34).
There are also many other verses, which prove the same point.