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Amina Inloes,
Amina Inloes is originally from the US and has a PhD in Islamic Studies from the University of Exeter on Shi'a hadith. She is the program leader for the MA Islamic Studies program at the Islamic College in London and also the Managing Editor of the Journal of Shi'a Islamic Studies. 730 Answers
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Jerrmein Abu Shahba,
Jerrmein Abu Shahba is originally from Egypt and has a bachelor’s degree in Biology and a masters in Chemistry from Rutgers State University in the US. She is actively involved in many Islamic projects that include organizing annual youth camps, teaching Islamic subjects, writing articles and translating texts from Arabic. 2 Answers
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Abbas Di Palma,
Shaykh Abbas Di Palma holds a BA and an MA degree in Islamic Studies, and certifications from the Language Institute of Damascus University. He has also studied traditional Islamic sciences in London, Damascus and Qom and taught for different institutions in Italy and UK. 208 Answers
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Sayed Mohammad Saleh Qazwini,
Sayed Mohammad Saleh Qazwini has a BA from the University of Michigan and an MA from Wayne State University. He is a graduate of the Islamic Seminary of Qom, Iran. 3 Answers
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Zaid Alsalami,
Shaykh Dr Zaid Alsalami is an Iraqi born scholar, raised in Australia. He obtained a BA from Al-Mustafa University, Qom, and an MA from the Islamic College in London. He also obtained a PhD from ANU, Canberra. He has written and translated several Islamic texts and also prepared educational videos on Islamic rulings and practices. 858 Answers
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Jaffer Ali Ladak,
Shaykh Jaffer Ali Ladak is from Milton Keynes in the UK and has studied at Jami'a Imam as-Sadiq (a) Hawza Imam al-Jawad (a) in Karbala and at Al Mahdi Institute in Birmingham. He is currently completing his Masters Degree in Islamic Law at the Islamic College in London. He has also authored a book on Lady Umm Kulthum, the daughter of Imam Ali (a). No Answers
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The dominant view among Muslims, Sunni and Shi'i, is that the Qur'an we have today is the Qur'an of the Prophet.
Exceptions apply.
Broadly speaking, exceptions in the Sunni tradition involve things such as the tradition from Aishah that a goat ate some ayat of the Qur'an; and in the Shii tradition, some narrations implying otherwise. Whether or not one accepts these narrations as authentic, or how one interprets them, is a different matter. (For instance, some Shii will understand hadith which seem to add some words to the Qur'an as examples of in-line commentary that was given while the Qur'an was being quoted, not as different quotations of the Qur'an.)
On the other hand, some ayat of the Qur'an are often understood to mean that the book itself is protected by Allah.
In any case, the Imams from the Ahl al-Bayt (A) have instructed us to use the Qur'an as it is in our prayers.
Based on narrations, possibly, a difference between the compilation of Imam 'Ali and the current Qur'an is the order of the surahs. As for other views, this may vary.
A helpful book to read about this in more detail in English is Ayatollah Ma'rifat, Introduction to the Sciences of the Qur'an. (Do not be deceived by the title, it is a heavy read!)
If I may offer my personal view (twice in one day!), there is really no guarantee about anything that happened in the past, when we were not present to witness it. In fact, we often can't even guarantee the absolute truth of things that happen in our time. However, we can try our best to come to a probable truth, with the help of Allah, and that is all we are expected to do.