When performing Ghusl Janabat under a shower I wash the body parts multiple times to ensure I haven't missed any area, and it takes me approximately 30 minutes to complete it. Is this reasonable or am I am being too careful?
No, it is sufficient to perform Ghusl al-Janabah with a single pitcher of water. It is better to balance the concern over washing everything with the concern of not wasting water. Remember that Islam came from the desert! And in most of human history people didn't have showers. Also, maybe it is not good for your skin to take very long showers.
Of course, please don't start worrying that you are committing a sin by washing too much or using too much water! Just keep in mind that Islam is meant to be easy and that Allah is forgiving; as long as you are trying to do it correctly, He is not going to punish you if you accidentally miss one small spot, and eventually you will do another ghusl for one reason or another and that spot will be taken care of.