Sayyed Mohammad Al-Musawi

We need to try our best to help the oppressed people in every possible way, as well as to sincerely pray for them. We need to encourage our friend to do the same.

Wassalam.

Keep on noble efforts to find a suitable person as well as praying to Allah (SWT) to Guide and Help and Bless. 
reciting this verse is also very helpful in marriage ( إنَّ هذا لَرِزقُنا ما لَهُ مِن نَفاد)

Sura 38, verse 54.

Wassalam.

Yes it is permissible to trade in indexes as well as commodities as far as there no unlawful business is involved.

Wassalam.

Allah Says in Quran ( O My servants who transgressed against themselves (by committing evil deeds) Despair not of the Mercy of Allah: verily Allah Forgives all sins) Sura 39, verse 53).

When the repentance is really sincere, the forgiveness is possible.

Wassalam.

We as followers of Ahlul Bayt (AS) avoid any celebration during the month of Muharram and Safar. If retirement party does not include celebration then it will be acceptable.

Wassalam.

You need to take the value of your investment on the date of your Khums as your ownership.

Wassalam.

She is not obliged or bound to marry if she has valid reasons to refrain from marriage, but she must keep her parents' respect and never cause them or any one of them any sort of disrespect or sadness.

Wassalam.

Yes. This narration has been narrated in many Sunni books including the well known Sunni book Maqaatil al-Taalibilyyeen by Abul Faraj al-Asfahani, volume 1, page 89.

Wassalam 

Your Prayer (Salah) in your home city is always full. Your home city remains your home city as far as you still intend to live their in the future. If you have no intention to leave be there any more then it does not remain as your home city.

Wassalam.

Such paintings are never real pictures of the Imam (AS) but just imaginations of the painters. In some cultures like Turkey, Iran, Iraq etc they use such paintings to remember the Imam, while in many other Muslim cultures like in India, Pakistan, Bangladesh etc, they don't use it. I personally don't use such paintings for many reasons including not trusting the details of the paintings and to avoid misunderstandings among Muslims from different cultural backgrounds. Those who use such paintings are not doing a sinful act but trying to remember the Imam (AS) in their own cultural eye.

Wassalam.

Investing in gold exchange is permissible if it does not involve any type of unlawful transaction like usury etc. Khums's must be calculated according to the price on the day of your date of Khums. 
'Wassalam.

Slavery rules were never started by Muslims but were already existing in different societies of the time when Islam came. Slavery rules are an outcome of wars. Islamic rules aimed to diminish slavery and finish it off. Slavery rules can not be taken as permanent rules for life but only in war and after war under many conditions.

Slave female from war between Nin Muslims against Muslims is not like a full wife of the owner who has the full rights of justice between her and other wife and inheritance from her husband. When the Muslims marries his owned female (Aman), she will then have all rights if the wife. With out marriage, she is called Sariyyah.

Wassalam.